Causes

Acute pancreatitis is usually caused by gallstones or drinking too much alcohol, but sometimes no cause can be identified.

Gallstones

Gallstones are small stones that form in your gallbladder. They can sometimes trigger acute pancreatitis if they move out of the gallbladder and block the opening of the pancreas.

Alcohol consumption

It's not fully understood how alcohol causes the pancreas to become swollen (inflamed). One theory is that it causes enzymes inside the pancreas to start digesting it.

Whatever the cause, there is a clear link between alcohol use and acute pancreatitis.

Binge drinking – drinking a lot of alcohol in a short period of time – is also thought to increase your risk of developing acute pancreatitis.

Other causes

Less common causes of acute pancreatitis include:

Severe pancreatitis

You're probably more likely to develop severe pancreatitis if you:

Page last reviewed: 24 May 2022
Next review due: 24 May 2025